Industry Fate Predecessor Woodhead and Angois (1885, later Woodhead, Angois and Ellis) Founded December 1888, registered as a limited liability company in January 1889 Founders, Richard Woodhead and Paul Angois Headquarters, Website The Raleigh Bicycle Company is a manufacturer based in,. Founded by Woodhead and Angois in 1885, who used Raleigh as their brand name, it is one of the oldest bicycle companies in the world. After being acquired by, it became The Raleigh Cycle Company in December 1888, which was registered as a limited liability company in January 1889. By 1913, it was the biggest bicycle manufacturing company in the world. From 1921 to 1935, Raleigh also produced motorcycles and three-wheel cars, leading to the formation of the Company.
The Raleigh division of bicycles is currently owned by the Dutch corporation. In 2006, the was named in the list of British design icons in the Great British Design Quest organised by the and the.
Raleigh advert from 1940. Nearly two years later, the 11 April 1887 issue of contained a display advertisement for the Raleigh ‘Safety’ model under the new banner ‘Woodhead, Angois, and Ellis. Russell Street Cycle Works.’ William Ellis had recently joined the partnership and provided much-needed financial investment. Like Woodhead and Angois, Ellis’s background was in the lace industry. He was a lace gasser, a service provider involved in the bleaching and treating of lace, with premises in nearby Clare Street and Glasshouse Street.
Thanks to Ellis, the bicycle works had now expanded round the corner from Raleigh Street into former lace works on the adjoining road, Russell Street. By 1888, the company was making about three cycles a week and employed around half a dozen men. It was one of 15 bicycle manufacturers based in Nottingham at that time., a recent convert to cycling who on medical advice had toured extensively on a tricycle, first saw a Raleigh bicycle in a shop window in, about the time that William Ellis’s investment in the cycle workshop was beginning to take effect.
Bowden described how this led to him visiting the Raleigh works: ″In the early part of 1887, while looking for a good specimen of the then new safety bicycle, I came across a Raleigh in London. Its patent changeable gear and other special features struck me as superior to all the others I had seen, and I purchased one upon which I toured extensively through France, Italy and England during 1887 and 1888. In the autumn of the latter year, happening to pass through Nottingham, and with the idea of, if possible, getting a still more up-to-date machine, I called upon Messrs.
Woodhead and Angois, the originators and makers of the Raleigh ″ It is clear from Frank Bowden’s own account that, although he bought a Raleigh ‘Safety’ in 1887, he did not visit the Raleigh workshop until autumn 1888. That visit led to Bowden replacing Ellis as the partnership’s principal investor, though Bowden did not become the outright owner of the firm. He concluded that the company had a profitable future if it promoted its innovative features, increased its output, cut its overhead costs and tailored its products to the individual tastes and preferences of its customers. He bought out William Ellis’s share in the firm and was allotted 5,000 £1 shares, while Woodhead and Angois between them held another 5,000 shares. In Frank Bowden's own lifetime, Raleigh publicity material stated that the firm was founded in 1888, which was when Bowden, as he himself confirmed, first bought into the enterprise. Thus, Raleigh's 30th anniversary was celebrated in 1918. The 1888 foundation date is confirmed by Bowden's great-grandson, Gregory Houston Bowden, who states that Frank Bowden 'began to negotiate with Woodhead and Angois and in December 1888 founded 'The Raleigh Cycle Company'.'
The December 1888 foundation date is also confirmed by Nottinghamshire Archives. In recent years, the Raleigh company has cited 1887 as a foundation date but, whilst this pre-dates Bowden's involvement, the Raleigh brand name was created by Woodhead and Angois and the enterprise can, as demonstrated above, be traced back to 1885. The company established by Bowden in December 1888 was still privately owned with unlimited public liability. In January 1889, it became the first of a series of limited liability companies with Raleigh in its name. It had a nominal capital of £20,000, half of which was provided by Frank Bowden. Paul Angois was appointed director responsible for product design, Richard Woodhead was made director responsible for factory management, and Frank Bowden became chairman and managing director.
Some shares were made available to small investors and local businessmen, but take-up was minimal, and Bowden ended up buying most of the public shares. He subsequently supplied virtually all the capital needed to expand the firm. When Frank Bowden got involved with the enterprise, the works comprised three small workshops and a greenhouse. As Woodhead, Angois and Ellis, the firm had expanded round the corner from Raleigh Street into Russell Street, where also stood Clarke’s five-storey former lace factory. To enable further expansion of the business, Bowden financed the renting of this property and installation of new machinery.
Under Bowden's guidance, Raleigh expanded rapidly. By 1891, the company occupied not only Clarke's factory but also Woodroffe’s Factory and Russell Street Mills. In November 1892, Raleigh signed a tenancy agreement for rooms in Butler’s factory on the other side of Russell Street.
Shortly after this, the company also occupied Forest Road Mill. (Forest Road junctions with Russell Street at the opposite end from Raleigh Street.) Bowden created a business which, by 1913, was the biggest bicycle manufacturing company in the world, occupying seven and a half acres in purpose-built premises completed in 1897 at Faraday Road,.
It subsequently became very much bigger. Sir Frank Bowden died in 1921 and his son took over as chairman and chief executive, guiding the company through the next 17 years of expansion.
1930s Raleigh lady's loop frame bicycle Humber Cycles There was a resurgence in domestic and export demand for pedal bicycles and by February 1932 Raleigh had acquired all the trade marks. Manufacture was transferred to Raleigh's Nottingham works. Raleigh-made Humbers differed from Raleighs only in chainwheels, fork crowns and some brakework. During the, the Raleigh factory in Nottingham was used for the production of. Bicycle production was reduced to approximately 5% of its peacetime capacity.
In 1939, Raleigh opened a bicycle factory at 6 Hanover Quay, Dublin, Ireland and commenced bicycle production there. The Raleigh (Ireland) business expanded and moved to 8–11 Hanover Quay, Dublin in 1943. The plant produced complete bicycles and hubs, and remained in production until 1976, when the factory burned down. Models produced there latterly were the Chopper and Triumph 20. The head badges changed in the late 1960s, possibly after the passing of the Trade Descriptions Act in the UK. Dublin-made machines no longer had 'Nottingham England' on the Heron or Triumph head badge, the panel being left blank instead. Irish Raleigh Heron Badge Motor vehicles In 1899, Raleigh started to build motorcycles and in 1903, introduced the Raleighette, a belt-driven three-wheel motorcycle with the driver in the back and a wicker seat for the passenger between the two front wheels.
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Financial losses meant production lasted only until 1908. In 1930, the company acquired the rights to the Ivy Karryall, a motorcycle fitted with a cabin for cargo and a hood for the driver. Raleigh's version was called the Light Delivery Van and had a chain drive. A two-passenger version was followed by Raleigh's first three-wheel car, the Safety Seven. It was a four-seat convertible with shaft drive and a maximum of 55 mph (89 km/h).
A saloon version was planned, but Raleigh shut its motor department to concentrate on bicycles again. Chief designer T. Williams took the equipment and remaining parts and moved to, where his company produced three-wheelers for 65 years. The leftover parts from Raleigh carried an 'R', so Williams chose a matching name:. 1970 Raleigh Sports in the USA. Raleigh also made in the late 1950s and 1960s as the bicycle market declined. The most popular of which was the RM6 Runabout.
This model featured unsprung front forks and a cycle type calliper front brake which made it a very affordable mode of transport. Because of its success, production continued until February 1971; 17 months after Raleigh had stopped manufacturing all other mopeds. Post War U.S. Export Market After, Raleigh became known for its lightweight sports bicycles, often using Sturmey-Archer three and five-speed transmissions. These cycles were considerably lighter and quicker than either the old heavy English utility roadster or the American ' bikes. In 1946, Raleigh and other English bicycle manufacturers accounted for 95% of the bicycles imported into the United States.
Raleigh's sports roadster, or British racer bicycles were exported around the world, including the United States. The company continued to increase imports to the United States until 1955, when a rate increase in foreign bicycle tariffs caused a shift in imports in favour of bicycles from and the. However, this proved only a temporary setback, and by 1964, Raleigh was again a major selling brand in the US bicycle market. Raleigh RSW In 1965, Raleigh introduced the RSW 16, its long-awaited competitor to the hugely successful. The new Raleigh shared several important features with the Moulton, including small wheels, an open frame and built-in luggage carrying capacity. Late 1960s Raleigh RSW.
The RSW was Raleigh's competitor to the fully suspended. However, the RSW lacked the Moulton's suspension, which compensated for the bumpy ride that comes with small wheels. Instead, Raleigh fitted the RSW with, which effectively smoothed the ride but at the cost of increased rolling resistance. Nevertheless, the RSW was pleasant to ride, and Raleigh's extensive retail network ensured its success. The success of the RSW took sales away from the Moulton and put the maker into financial difficulties. Raleigh then bought out Moulton and produced both bikes until 1974.
Raleigh also produced a sister model to the RSW, the, which was more successful and remained in production well into the 1980s. Expansion and mergers While bicycle production had steadily risen through the mid-1950s, the British market began to decline with the increasing affordability and popularity of the motor car. For much of the postwar era, British bicycle manufacturers had largely competed with each other in both the home and export markets, but 1956 saw the formation of the British Cycle Corporation by the which already owned Phillips, Hercules, Armstrong, and.
In 1957, Raleigh bought the Cycles Ltd., BSA's bicycle division, which gave them exclusive use of the former brand names New Hudson and Sunbeam. Raleigh also already owned the Robin Hood brand, and Three Spires with Triumph (cycles) also at their disposal.
BSA had itself acquired Co. Only five years previously. Ti added the Sun bicycle company to their stable in 1958, and with two 'super groups' now controlling a large portion of the market, it was perhaps inevitable that in 1960, Tube Investments acquired Raleigh and merged the British Cycle Corporation with Raleigh to form TI–Raleigh, which now had 75% of the UK market.
TI–Raleigh then acquired in, England that same year, at the time one of the largest semi-custom lightweight makers in the UK. Ti Raleigh gave total control of its cycle division to Raleigh and soon set about marketing many of the acquired names as budget ranges, though with Raleigh frames. The old British Cycle Corporation factory at Handsworth continued to produce non Raleigh branded product well into the 1970s, with Raleigh branded models built in the main plant at Nottingham. However, the Sun branded bicycles were made in the Carlton factory at Worksop, England. As a vertically integrated manufacturer in the mid-1960s, TI–Raleigh owned (one of the oldest saddle makers in the world), (pioneer of 3-speed hubs), and (maker of ). Carlton, which had been unable to make inroads in the USA market after a failed rebranding deal with, found success in the late 1960s by recasting itself as 'Raleigh-Carlton', a Raleigh-logo'd bike with some Carlton badging, and using the US dealer network to import and distribute bikes.
The Raleigh Chopper. Main article: The Raleigh Chopper was designed by Nottingham native, though this has been disputed by Cambridge designer. The Chopper was patented in the UK in 1967 and patented in the US in 1968.
The bike was the 'must have' item and signifier of 'coolness' for many children at the time. The Chopper was first available for sale in June 1969 in North America. It went on sale in the UK in 1970 and sold well, and was a key factor in reviving the company's fortunes.
The Chopper featured a 3-speed Sturmey-Archer gear hub, shifted using a mounted gear lever reminiscent of the early — one of its 'cool' features. Other differences were the unusual frame, long padded seat with backrest, sprung suspension at the back, high-rise handlebars, and differently sized front (16') and rear (20') wheels. Tyres were wider than usual for the time, with a chunky tread on the rear wheel, featuring red highlights on the sidewall. The price was from approximately £32 for a standard Chopper to £55 for the deluxe.
Two smaller versions, the Chipper and Tomahawk, also sold well. The Mk 2 Chopper was an improved version from 1972. It had the option of five-speed gears in the United States, but all UK bikes had the 3 speed hub, with the exception of a model introduced in 1973 and only available in a bizarre shade of pink. This model was discontinued in 1976.
The Mk 2 had a shorter seat and the frame modified to move the rear of the seat forward, this helped prevent the bike. The shorter seat also made it harder to ride '2 up' (2 people on the bike at a time). The Chopper remained in production until 1982, when the rising popularity of the bicycle caused sales to drop off.
Raleigh revisited the chopper design in recent times, with great success although the new version has had some changes to conform to modern safety laws. Gone is the top tube shifter and long integrated seat, but the look and feel of the bike remain.
1979-present reorganisations In 1979, production of Raleigh 531 butted-tube bicycles reached 10,000 units a year. In 1980, the former Carlton factory at Worksop closed and production was moved to a Lightweights facility at Nottingham.
However, all bicycles made there afterward still carried the W for Worksop frame number designation. In 1982, rights to the Raleigh USA name were purchased by the. Under the terms of the agreement, Raleigh of England licensed Huffy to design and distribute Raleigh bicycles in the USA, and Huffy was given instant access to a nationwide network of bike shops.
The renamed Raleigh Cycle Company of America sold bikes in the US while the rest of the world, including Canada, received Raleigh of England bikes. At that time, production of some U.S. Raleigh models were shifted to Japan, with manufacturing most of these bikes.
By 1984, all Raleighs for the American market, except the top-of-the range Team Professional (made in Ilkeston) and Prestige road bikes (made in Nottingham), were produced in the Far East. Meanwhile, in the home market, Raleigh had broken into the new UK BMX market with their Burner range, which was very successful. In 1987, the leading German bicycle manufacturer bought Raleigh from Ti and Raleigh USA from Huffy. In 1988, Derby opened a factory in manufacturing two Raleigh lines, the bimetallic Technium road bike line, which used heat-treated aluminum main frame tubes, thermally bonded and heat-cured to internal steel lugs using a Boeing-developed proprietary epoxy — along with head tube and rear stays. Kent also manufactured the off-road chromoly steel Altimetric line (Tangent CX, Traverse CX, Tactic CX and Talon CX 1991-1992). The factory closed in 1994. All Raleigh Cycle Company of America parts and frames from 1995 on were then in China and and assembled in other plants.
The high-end framesets offered for sale in Raleigh catalogues together with the frames built for Team riders were produced in Ilkeston by the Special Bicycle Developments Unit (SBDU) from 1974 to 1989 under the guidance of Gerald V O'Donovan; this production was moved to a new 'Raleigh Special Products' division in Nottingham on closure of the Kent factory. Raleigh Canada had a factory in from 1972 to 2013. Derby Cycle acquired in 1999. In the same year, Raleigh ceased volume production of frames in the UK and its frame-making equipment were sold by auction.
In 2000, Derby Cycle controlled Raleigh USA, Raleigh UK, Raleigh Canada, and Raleigh Ireland. In the latter three markets, Raleigh was the number-one manufacturer of bicycles.
Derby Cycle began a series of divestitures, because of financial pressure and sold 's factory site to the and Sturmey-Archer and saddle manufacturer to a small company called Lenark. Lenark promised to build a new factory in but failed to pay the first instalment and the company entered liquidation. It was reported that the reason for selling the business, after extracting the cash for the factory site, was to have Lenark declare it insolvent so that neither Derby nor Lenark would have to pay the redundancy costs.
Sturmey-Archer's assets were acquired by of Taiwan who relocated the factory to Taiwan and sales to the Netherlands. Sister company Brooks was sold to of Italy. In 2001, following continuing financial problems at Derby Cycle, there was a management buy-out of all the remaining Raleigh companies led by Alan Finden-Crofts. By 2003, assembly of bicycles had ended in the UK with 280 assembly and factory staff made redundant, and bicycles were to come 'from Vietnam and other centres of 'low-cost, high-quality' production.' With final assembly takes place in, Germany. In 2012, Derby was acquired by Pon, a Dutch company, as part of their new bicycle group, which also owns and. Pon now sell Raleigh under licence throughout Germany.
In April 2012, Raleigh UK, Canada and USA were acquired by a separate Dutch group for £62m (US$100m), whose portfolio includes the and Ghost bicycle brands. Riders of the 1986 Raleigh Weinmann team Raleigh had a long association with cycle sport. Most notable is the team of the 1970s and 1980s.
In 1980 won the on a Raleigh. In the mid-1980s the Raleigh team was co-sponsored. In 1984, riding Raleigh-badged bicycles, Team USA scored several impressive victories at the in Los Angeles. The company also supplied bicycles to the French team in the late 1980s where lost the to by 8 seconds. The company's special products division made race frames, including those used by the Raleigh professional team of the 1970s. Presently Raleigh as a company owns the Diamondback Bike brand as well. During the 1980s Raleigh also supported British professional teams, including Raleigh Banana and Raleigh Weinmann.
Raleigh's most notable riders were, and. It also sponsored a mountain bike team in the early 1990s that also raced in road events. In 2009 it was announced that the company would be creating a new -level cycling team called.
The Team were co-sponsored by the global shipping and logistics firm GAC in 2012 and were known as Team Raleigh-GAC. The season was notable for Team Raleigh's first victory in the Round 6 and a succession of wins, which resulted in team rider Graham Briggs finishing the season at the top of 's UK Elite Men's standings. Raleigh once again became the sole headline sponsor of the team in 2013 and the team re-paid the investment with high-profile wins in the, and Tour Series Rounds 1 and 2. Archives The Raleigh archives, including the Sturmey-Archer papers, are at Nottinghamshire Record Office. Historic models. 1991-92.
1991-92. 1991-92. 1991-92. In media , the 1958 debut novel by, is partly set in Raleigh's factory, Sillitoe himself being an ex-employee of the firm. Several scenes for the 1960 starring were filmed on location at the factory itself. In the 1985 movie, David Sommers played by David Marshall Grant, is seen riding through St.
Louis, Missouri, on a Raleigh bicycle from that same era. Later in the film, specialized bicycles are used for the race scenes in Colorado and training. In the 1986 film a variety of Raleigh USA bicycles are used. 1984–85 are used throughout by notable players in the movie. Kevin Bacon's bicycle is a '84 Raleigh Competition.
While no differentiation is made in the film, at least three different configurations are seen on Bacon's bike during the movie:, singlespeed, and outfitted with 0-degree trick forks during various scenes in Bacon's apartment. A possible freewheel is suggested early in the film when Bacon dismounts while in motion and a distinct clicking sound is heard until the bike stops moving. A 1984/5 Raleigh Grand Prix is used for the opening chase sequence, and a 1984 or '85 Super Course makes a brief appearance in the opening credits. See also.
Super mario advance 2 gba rom free download. – Raleigh donated bicycles to ensure the ride would take place. References.
Brought her into the shop today to get the headlamp working again. A nice young dude looking for NOS BMX parts stopped to admire Audrey and gushed over how its so wonderful that I found her in NOS condition. He asked the uncle if there was another such bike. Nope, not a chance.
The envy was so think, i could cut it with a knife. Shortly after I left the shop, a very elderly Chinese gentleman stopped me as I was loading her onto my car bike rack. He asked me in mandarin about her. Where did I get that licence plate? How did I find an English bike, how much did I buy her for? He was shiocked that Audrey was 'new'. Over 30 years old and never ridden before!
I suspect he must have yearned for such a bike in his youth. When I got home, I took her around the block several times to enjoy the sturmey shifter. Smoooth as butter. Then I felt guilty soiling her with road grime. Gave her a gentle wipe down, and another two coats of wax so shes shiny and happy again.
Gave her a thorough cleanup with lots of mild soap, water, and elbow grease. Then progressively rubbed about 30 layers of super premium Soft99 resin wax on just about every painted surface. Get this, the wax is meant for black or dark blue paint, says so on the tin - and she is just gleaming! Used Autosol metal polish for every steel or chrome part, and it works brilliantly, like it should.
Amf Hercules Bicycle Serial Numbers
Finally ended the process with Meguires tyre polish, the one that lasts weeks on car tyres. Used a premium leather cleaner and cream product on her saddle. Called 'Leather Master', t brought out all the grime, dirt and oil, and man, that saddle is quite a bit softer now.
My butt will need to do the rest. Unfortunately, following the cleaning, bits of the natural grown colour now show through.
Think most such saddles were dyed from the natural brown, and mine is no exception. Plan to give her another few coats this week and next. In time for Christmas. She has to look like a million bucks for her first Xmas party! She was shipped into Singapore in a wooden crate of 25 CKD bicycles. The frame was wrapped in brown paper and tied with raffia string. At some point, the wooden crate was discarded, and she was placed in a more contemporary cardboard box and sealed.
Three decades later, she was pulled out from the dank and musty store. As the box was unsealed, Audrey saw light of day once again. A Sport touring model, she is black with gold pinstripes, a black Raleigh B66 leather saddle made by Brooks, chromed steel wheels made in France by Rigida. Her serial number is HC74 1351. Sadly, Audrey's pedals were missing, and her tyres and inner tubes had long disintegrated. But these were quickly replaced by correct period Japanese rubber block pedals, Heng Shin tyres and inner tubes.
Amazingly, her black leather saddle was covered with some oily film in a oily plastic bag that looked it age. I could make out Raleigh B66 embossed on each side. A Brooks saddle! I asked if he had an internal gear hub available.
With a smile, the old gentleman produced a new old stock (NOS) 3-speed Sturmey Archer gear hub from his musky cupboard. The box was yellowed and fading, but the hub and accessories were in pristine condition, in the original plastic bag! This was duly added, along with another NOS item! An Elephant brand dynamo light, again in a mouldy old carboard box. No Lucas, sorry, but never mind, I'll take that too please! Another accessory added was a chrome kickstand by Koba of Japan. That evening, I added a period bicycle licence plate I found in a rubbish heap many years ago. The next day, I added a chrome Flying Pigeon rear rack I found in another, even more dingy, old shop, and an unbranded Chinese chrome bicycle bell I purchased from yet another. As a finishing touch, I added a period bicycle licence plate I found in a rubbish heap many years ago.
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Now the cleaning and polishing shall begin. The period bicycle licence plate. No longer a legal requirement since the 1980s, these are very rarely seen on bicycles nowadays. Audrey is a vintage Hercules roadster. I purchased her on 11 December 2008. A good date, as sounds somewhat like 'easy prosperity' in the Cantonese dialect.
Audrey will be her name. Its the first alphabet, and more importantly, its a very English name. Plus, I like it as I once knew a very attractive young lady by that name, many years ago when I was a young lad. I found her in an old pre-war shophouse, off a little street in Singapore. She lay forgotten in the store of this old bicycle shop for over three decades. The brown paper wrapping her frame was still secured by old raffia string, and apart from a bit of surface rust and some mould, she was in an almost perfect condition. She is the last remaining 21' frame sport roadster from among the very last shipment of bicycles made in England that arrived in Singapore.
The Malayan Raleigh factory was being built in Selangor, Malaysia. The Raleigh factory HQ in Nottingham had instructed that all English made bicycle stocks were to be sold. No more new stocks from England would arrive.
New bicycles were henceforth to be sourced from Selangor. Unfortunately, there were delays in the completion of the Selangor factory, and all the old stock from England had all been sold. Customers were waiting for their bicycles and were getting impatient. The importer urgently cabled Nottingham for stock, in response to urgent calls from the Singaporean bicycle shops. A final shipment arrived. Audrey was in that last shipment. Although a Raleigh product, Audrey is a thoroughbred Hercules.
Her serial number is HC74 1351. Built in Handsworth, Birmingham, she was made in the same city that Ted Crane, the founder of Hercules, built his first factory. Although a Raleigh Industries product following the purchase of Hercules in 1960, she is rare as she was manufactured in Handsworth, Birmingham. This is the birthplace and headquarters of Ted Crane, founder of Hercules Cycle and Motor Company Ltd.
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